Leading Constructivist and Productivist artist; worked as painter and graphic designer before turning to photography and photomontage in 1923; worked with Mayakovsky in 1920s in design and layout of LEF and Novy LEF, publications of the Constructivist movement; in 1930s concentrated on sports photography and parades; returned to painting in late 1930s and stopped photographing in 1942, but continued to organise photographic exhibitions for the Soviet government; died in Moscow in 1956.